Can we find, in terms of present need, what Glyndebourne and Bayreuth achieved in quite other circumstances, with quite different ideals? That is to say, can we produce homogeneous work that shapes its audience before it has even passed through its doors? Glyndebourne and Bayreuth were in tune with their society and the classes for whom they catered. Today, it is hard to see how a vital theatre and a necessary one can be other than out of tune with society—not seeking to celebrate the accepted values, but to challenge them. Yet the artist is not there to indict, nor to lecture, nor to harangue, and least of all to teach. He is a part of ‘them’. He challenges the audience truly when he is the spike in the side of an audience that is determined to challenge itself